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Financiar v1 / Calendar

Civil-law time limit (Civil Code)

The due date of a civil law term — contractual, commercial, limitation. The rule in art. 2553 of the Civil Code: the first day does not count, BUT the day of expiry does. A 7-day term from 1 March expires on 8 March.

For procedural terms (appeals, procedural documents) the rule is different, by one day: see /termen/procedural.

GET
https://oneapi.ro/api/financiar/v1/termen/civil

Query parameters

NameTypeDescriptionAccepted values
de_larequired string Required, YYYY-MM-DD. The date from which the term starts to run. e.g. 2024-06-15e.g. 2024-06e.g. 2024
zilerequired integer Required. Negative = count backwards. Maximum 3650 in each direction. -3650 – 3650
tiprequired string Required: calendaristice or lucratoare. It describes the unit the term is expressed in; it has no default, because it changes the result by whole days. lucratoarecalendaristice
sectoroptional string | null privat (default) or public. privatpublic

How it behaves

  • The due date of a civil-law time limit: contractual, commercial, or limitation period.
  • The rule (art. 2553 of the Civil Code): the first day is not counted, BUT the day of expiry is. A 7-day term from 1 March expires on 8 March.
  • For PROCEDURAL time limits the rule is different and the result differs by one day — see /termen/procedural. The two are separate routes precisely because they are distinct rules of law, not variants of the same calculation.
  • If the due date falls on a non-working day, it is extended to the first working day (art. 2554 of the Civil Code). The extension is the rule, not an option — and the raw due date stays visible in data_inainte_de_prelungire.
  • A negative value for zile counts backwards — typical for a notice period. The extension then also moves BACKWARDS: moved forward, it would shorten the period below the required minimum, and a 30-day notice reduced to 29 is no longer valid.
  • sector=public also accounts for bridge days set by Government decision, both when counting and when extending.
  • The result is a calendar computation, not legal advice: an applicable special law may provide a different rule.

What it is for

  • The due date of a contractual obligation expressed in days.
  • The date by which a notice must be served.
  • The expiry of a limitation period.

Response structure

FieldTypeDescription
data.de_la string Start of the interval the response covers.
data.zile integer Number of days covered.
data.tip string intreprinderi or unitati_locale — two different concepts, never summed.
data.conventie string Always civila on this route — returned so that the rule applied is explicit in the response.
data.sector string Institutional or economic sector.
data.data_scadenta string The final date, after extension if one was needed.
data.scadenta_lucratoare boolean
data.prelungit boolean Whether the raw due date was moved because it fell on a non-working day.
data.data_inainte_de_prelungire string The raw due date. Equal to data_scadenta when no extension occurred.
data.zile_calendaristice_parcurse integer Calendar days between de_la and the due date — a useful check when tip is lucratoare.
meta.temei string The legal basis for the values or for the way they are computed.
meta.nota string A note on how to read the response — a pitfall, a convention or a limit of the source.
meta.avertisment string A warning about a limit of the data that changes its interpretation.

Response examples

GEThttps://oneapi.ro/api/financiar/v1/termen/civil?de_la=2024-06-15&zile=30&tip=lucratoare
{
    "data": {
        "de_la": "2024-06-15",
        "zile": 30,
        "tip": "lucratoare",
        "conventie": "civila",
        "sector": "privat",
        "data_scadenta": "2024-07-29",
        "scadenta_lucratoare": true,
        "prelungit": false,
        "data_inainte_de_prelungire": "2024-07-29",
        "zile_calendaristice_parcurse": 44
    },
    "meta": {
        "temei": "art. 2553 Cod civil: nu se socoteşte prima zi, dar se socoteşte ziua împlinirii. Prelungire la prima zi lucrătoare: art. 2554.",
        "nota": "Scadenţa brută era deja zi lucrătoare.",
        "avertisment": "Rezultatul e un calcul de calendar, nu o consultanţă juridică: legea specială aplicabilă poate prevedea altă regulă de numărare."
    }
}

Error codes

CodeSlugWhen it occurs
401neautentificatToken missing, invalid, expired or revoked.
403feature_indisponibilThe current plan does not include the feature the route depends on.
422validaretip missing or invalid, de_la malformed, zile missing or above 3650, year outside 1990–2100.
429cota_depasitaThe plan's monthly quota has been exceeded (see Retry-After).

All errors share the same shape. eroare.cod is stable and is the value you should branch on in code — not the text in mesaj, which may change.

{
    "eroare": {
        "cod": "validare",
        "mesaj": "tip missing or invalid, de_la malformed, zile missing or above 3650, year outside 1990–2100.",
        "detalii": {
            "de_la": [
                "The value sent does not satisfy the parameter rule."
            ]
        }
    }
}